Incubator



June 1,1926. 1 1,587,290

MLFANDERS I INCUBATOR Filed Nov. 15.. 1923' 2 Shets-Sheet i HARM/vFA/YDf/PSINVENTM.

vvdl ATTORNEY June 1 1926.

M. FANDERS INCUBATOR Filed NOV. 13 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet MARIE/VFl/YflER-SINVENTOR.

A TTORNEY' Patented June 1 1926.

'PfIENT FFtE.

MARTEN FANDEBS, or DILLER, nsnnnsxa.

INCUBATOR.

Application filed November 13, 1923. Serial No. 674,480.

My invention relates to incubators, and more particularly to the type ofincubators in which hot water is employed as the heating medium,

I have found as the result of many years use of incubators that most ifnot all of the incubators now on the market are not sufficientlyresponsive to sudden changes in temperature and that this defect isreflected both in the reduced percentage in the hatch and in the loweredvitality of the chicks which are hatched.

My efiorts have been directed toward designing a more perfect thermostatand connections, a more perfect boiler, and a double damper, the boilerbeing so designed that the temperature of the water can be more quick- 1y raised and lowered, and the double damper facilitating the deflectionof the draft of heated air through or away from the boiler. Theinvention hereinafter described has for its main objects the provisionof the three features above enumerated. Other objects will appear in thedescription.

Referring now to the drawings which are part of my application, and inwhich like numerals refer to like parts in the description,

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the incubator, showing particularlythe lamp, boiler, and the external portions of the thermostatconnections.

Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows the thermostat and the connections which are inside theincubator.

Figure 4. is a perspective view of a portion of the thermostatic controlrod and its connections.

Figure 5 is a view of the lateral passageway and its shield.

Figure 6 is a sectional View of the lower damper.

Figure 7 is a view of the boiler alone, as it appears when viewed fromabove,

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view of the flue and boiler in verticalsection, and showing the directions of the hot air currents when bothdampers are closed.

Numeral 1O designates the incubator. The hot water pipes 11 carry theheat to the interior of the incubator, these pipes being connected withthe boiler 12. The water in the boiler is heated from any convenientsource of heat such as the kerosene lamp 13. The hot air currents fromthe lamp are deflected exterior walls of the boiler.

toward or away from the boiler by means of dampers which are actuatedautomatically by a thermostat in the chamber of the of the flue isenlarged into more or less of.

a globular form and a short neck projecting upwardly from the globularportion serves as a passage for the heated air from the flue into theboiler. The neck at its upper end supports a flanged collar 14, theupright flanges of which overlap the lower edges of the boiler, Thecollar 14: has a slightly larger diameter than the boiler 12 and thevertical walls of the collar are preferably corrugated or crinkled. Imay however corrugate or crinkle the lower portions of the he neck alsocarries a heat deflector or shield 15.

In the interior of -the globular portion of the flue is a lateralpassageway 16, shown in Figures 2 and 8 and in enlarged view in Figure5. The lateral passageway 16 has an upper horizontal opening on theinside of the globular portion of the flue and then passes out throughthe side of the flue to permit the escape of any excess of heated air.

Since this lateral passageway is in the direct draft of heated air, ithas beer found desirable to provide a jacket 17 of asbestos or similarheat insulating material. The jacket 17 may be secured to the walls ofthe flue by means of any suitable fastening device and when thus securedthe acket performs a secondary function in supporting the lateralpassageway.

Dampers 18 and 19- are provided for opening and closing the upperopenings of. the boiler and by-pass respectively. These clamp crs areconnected by means of a wire 20 or the like, with the wire projectingabove the damper 1S. Lengthwise movement of the wire 20 results insimultaneous movement of the openings.

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In my thermostat I employ a pair of expanding waters 21 since the rangeor movement is greater in the pair than it would be in a single wafer,The importance of this resides in the fact that very slight Variationsin temperature will more readily affect the movements of the dampers.These waters are positioned relatively near the bottom of the egg tray.They are secured to an arm 22 which is carried by the tubular support-23, the tube 23 passing through an aperture in the side of the incubatorwhere it is secured in rigid relation to the incubator in a inannerhereinafter described. The rod 24 passes through the tube 23 andprojects beyond both ends of the tube. At its inner end the rod 24: isbent to form a rocker arm 24 which is preferably flattened and isadapted to rest on the central part of the upper wafer 21.

The arm 25 shown in Figures 1 and at, has an aperture which fits overthe protruding end of the tube '28, to which the arm 25 may be securedby means of the set screw The arm 25 is secured to the wall of theincubator by means of screws, bolts or other suitable fastening devices.The rocker arm 27 is secured to the outer end of the rod 2%, the setscrew 28 being my preferred securing device. At the outer end of the arm25 is a support for the rocker 29, the support being adjustable bothangularly and vertically on the arm 25. The rocker 29 carries the rockerrod 30, which is adjustable in position on the rocker, there being alsoprovided means for securing the rod 30 in adjusted position. Thevertical link 31 is looped at its upper end and in assembling the devicethe rod is passed through this loop. The lower end of the link 31 passesthrough an aperture in the outer end of the rocker arm 27 and is heldthere by means of a'nut or similar device on the lower threaded end ofthe link 31. One end of the rod 80 is slightly downturned and isconnected with the upper end or the wire 20. The free end of the rod 30is provided with a counterbalancing weight 32, the weight beingadjustable on the rod to bring about a condition of equilibrium in therod 30 on its pivot.

Changes in temperature on the inside of the incubator cause the wafers21 to expand or contract. W hen the temperature is below normal theycontract. The parts being slightly oi'l' balance, the arm 2th is alwaysheld in contact with the wafers, so that when the waters contract thearm 2-4 drops slightly to a lower level. This causes he arm 27 to risewhich in turn causes a loweringr of the wire 20 carrying the dampers 18and 19. When thus lowered to their extreme position the two damperscompletely air is forced to travel in the channels indicated by thearrows in Figure 8 and to find the exit at the sides of the boiler. Thisof course directs the heated air against the maximum amount ct surface01'' the lower portion or the boiler thus causingthe rapid heating ofthe water in the boiler. As the temperature in the incubator increaseswafers expand and thus lift the arm 2 the motion oi the arm 24 being:communicated to gradually lift the dampen; 1S and 19.

The current of heated air will then be deflected by the damper 19through the lateral passageway 16, and in its e7;- treme upper positionthe damper 19 will entirely close the opening through which the heat dair reaches the boiler. it the same time a reverse current or cooler airwill be set up, the airot the room entering at the sides of the boilerand )assin first l e which may be increased by spacing: the

jacket from the lateral passageway with an air space between. It thelateral passageway were permitted to absorb much heat it would tend toset up a strong current of heated air and to thus result in liuctuationsin temperature that would be some what difiicult to control. Likewisethe heat shield 15 deflects the outside cu rents of heated air comingfrom the walls of the chimney so that they will not reach the 5 boilerand disturb the temperatures oi the boiler which are otherwise underperfect control.

Having thus described my invention in terms which will be readilyunderstood by others skilled in the art to which it pertains, what Ibelieve to be new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is 1. In combination, a vertically positioned due for conductinga current of heated air or gas and being provided with a damper at theoutlet thereof, horizontally positioned means in said. flue forconducting the excess of heated air or gas outwardly, said means 1 0seing also provided with a damper, and thermostatic means torsimultaneously opening or closing both of said dampers, said flue beingalso provided with an outlet for the discharge of the heated gas and air1 when both or said dampers are in their closed positions.

2. In combination, a flue for conducting an upwardly moving stream ofheated gas,

said flue having an outlet at the upper e The lateral passageway 16,despite its trcrnity thereotl and a second outlet at the side thereof,dampers for both outlits, means for simultaneously actuating said twodampers to opening or closing position, said flue being also providedwith a third outlet for the discharge of heated gas when said twodampers are in. their closing positions, the portion of said tine abovethe third outlet beino; adapted to be surrounded by an incubator boilerwhereby the contents of the incubator boiler are heated by the heatedgas flowing through the third outlet.

3. In combination, a fine having an outlot at the upper extremity and asecond outlet intermediate its upper and lower extremities, a damperdevice for simulta neously opening; or closing both outlets,thermostatic means for actuating said damper device, said flue beingalso provided with a third outlet which permits the escape of the heatedgas when said damper device is in its closing position, and a discsurrounding said flue, said disc being so positioned to deflect currentsof heated air on the outer side of the fine away from the third outlet.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

MARTEN FANDERS.

